Beware of "thinking over"

Korean hit, there are various versions of the "Korean Wave Analysis", have said that Korean won in the "young and old take-all" story of family ethics, there are said to have presented such a way longer than the performance of Korean native spiritual core, and not 1 and foot. Among these, the author was undoubtedly the deepest impression on Yu's "simple idea", said the idea is that the Korean won with simple and clear. I analysis, Korean even if very long, and the pace is slow, waves a lot, its plot structure is simple. In contrast, many national productions because of "over the idea of" the real lost, caught in circumstances of "Labyrinth" is often not the audience to experience the true feelings, but too complex and too arbitrary and too deep for clues heavy "trickery means."

In fact, "over the idea of" things not limited to limited to the TV. Relatives of the child to live in the city I work, relatives of a phone call came: "a good education, the child, the child is looking at things too optimistic, as the good people around." This kind of relationship with the "concept" on somewhat "excessive." Imagine, "to everyone around as a good man," why not? At least it can treat other people the child, and be kind to others will be kind to others, is it not a "Sunshine Girl" advantages? In contrast, those all day to remind young people to "life is much more complicated than you think" middle-aged man, to live is not too tired? This reminds the children how much their benefits? If Yu said, "Poor people, Throughout his life, 'the idea over' to spend, how much additional burst, chaos and expense."

Business will suffer from "over the idea of" the disease, and some enterprises, the "idea" also tend to dwell on the "trickery" flavor. For example, the East played a IT store "to buy computers leave a fine 10" commitment, but consumers are really a fake computer requirements kept, he was told, "leave a fine 10" and 10 instead of 10 computers but 10 dollars. Have just entered a leading international building materials supermarket in Nanjing launched the "1000 grant to buy 100" business can be when people buy big bags full of 1,000 yuan of goods, the cashier handed him the coupon people say almost passed out: gifts vouchers to 1,000 yuan over the next purchase of goods to use.

Here, all business "idea" is "Fudge," consumers can imagine the consequences of doing so. Word of mouth and people start a blog posting: The supermarket is a liar!

Over the idea, or is the simple things complicated, added to others to worry themselves; or is too "calculating" and make make a small cheap things to face a significant loss. Real entrepreneur is disdain agree to. Yu conclude that "a successful big business, its business model must be simple; a great man, his interpersonal relationships must be simple; a crisis management expert, he must grasp the core of the problem is a simple idea The. "

I recently interviewed SMIC CEO Richard Chang, the thought changes in the market the fastest, most competitive semiconductor industry hard, Chang certainly what Gaorenyichou business tips, and Zhang's answer is: No Tips, if that there should also be the operator of the character, integrity and love. It appears that the most effective methods is often the easiest way.







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Communities of Practice: Knowledge Capital Optimization

Summary

Successful business must reflect the needs of the market. To achieve this goal, companies are exploring their intellectual capital within the organization - these valuable knowledge, previously buried in the electronic media, print documents and books, as well as people "brain" of knowledge, and in need of its local and time sharing this knowledge. These valuable resources can be recorded, for example, process, practice manuals stored in the electronic media; or stored in people's brains, there will be a group with common interests into a network of communities. This approach allows the "community of practice (communities of practice; CoPs)" in the sharing of knowledge can play its role when needed.

IBM conducted a survey of some companies, these companies implemented a series of improvements identified in the company (identify), find (locate), and sharing (share) knowledge of the design project. All the measures are committed to making it easier for users to search specifically in the complex knowledge base of knowledge, they often use such as network, application software components, specify the type of technology portal.
Challenge

We found that those who seek to improve the knowledge and use of resources firms face the following challenges:
鈥?The structure and update the knowledge base of content, lack of resources. But if knowledge is difficult to find or outdated, users will no longer visit because of disappointment this site.
鈥?There is no mechanism to confirm the content is correct. Content alone can not guarantee the correctness or associated with the user.
* The information in the Knowledge Base, do not have enough relevant content. Typically, if the user does not understand how to develop knowledge and knowledge of why it is so important, they are difficult to make use of the available data.
* Personal reluctant to contribute content. As the employee's contribution can not be determined whether they can be Renke, and their knowledge will it be Shidangshiyong, Huo others Shipi Hui Ti Gong and Ta Men need relevant content, so Tamen often time and Jing Li Xiang Bu Xiang Hua Knowledge Fasong knowledge.

To overcome these challenges and effective development of intellectual capital, we find that some companies are looking for and supporting the informal organizations or individuals, members of a similar type of relevant work activities and interests.

These communities of practice (CoPs) often grow in large companies, but they form and structure of the parent company has significant differences. Most of the informal company, frequent changes in the number of people joining the company and individuals involved in community activities varies with the degree. Members of the company tried to cut across traditional corporate boundaries. Communities of Practice (CoPs) are not as common, as the project team, in a given time is directly responsible for the specific delivery of products. On the contrary, the community tends to develop in their own period of time corresponding to the agenda, and according to members of the need to continuously re-defined. Give a typical example, a large number of communities to participate in the formal and informal activities, from educational conferences and seminars to the specific work to address the problem of the daily interaction design.

As communities of practice (CoPs) on intellectual capital creation, sharing and use occupy a key position, many companies - from the World Bank to IBM, have begun to actively encourage and support communities of practice (CoPs), the recent academic and popular articles have emphasized the importance and benefits of these efforts.

Communities of practice there is reason

IBM Institute for Knowledge Management in the study, Lotus Boston University research units and a large number of communities of practice in different industries. We identified four key areas, in these areas, so that the community can help companies use intellectual capital to contribute to operating results for the company.
* To re-use of tangible assets is more likely: the Knowledge-based systems have established a shared "platform", where community members can store and find the specific form of knowledge - tools, white papers, proposals in the past and presentations and so on. And CoPs also ensure the practical knowledge base to meet community needs, such as sorting and filtering the content through the Knowledge Base to ensure that its value to others. In our study the majority of the community, its members are also content services, and their members to actively persuade content services, and identify the basic information related to search and locate files easier. Importantly, many of these communities face to face meetings initiated. In this meeting, interested individuals can recognize the same participants, inspire a sense of trust and shared responsibility. Face to face meeting also approved other people's contributions as an outstanding use of intellectual capital and the importance of new uses for the display window. * Quick response to customer demand: communities of practice (CoPs) to quickly identify the proper subject of professional knowledge in that the best customer advice or provide answers to questions so that you can reduce the query time and cost.
* Reduce the learning curve for new staff and time: In our study of the companies, communities of practice (CoPs) in the company by helping identify those who can answer questions, guide the company's internal resources, subject matter experts to staff "inserted (plugged in) "to the new post of methods, tools and activities is extremely valuable.
* For the products and services to generate new ideas: communities of practice to create a forum for individuals to share ideas on various themes, to encourage staff 娌℃湁 from formal under the pressure of everyday performance of mutual Chuandi ideas and find answers to difficult problems. Most companies in our study, this effect comes from the communities of practice (CoPs) provide an important creative inspiration.

To successful community

When communities of practice in each of the companies it needs to support the types of unique, our research has already identified a number of important areas, in these areas can use some general guidelines.
* The strategic significance of the company resources to focus on communities: in large companies may have hundreds of communities of practice (CoPs). Decision to invest in communities of practice in the company needs to carefully research the company on strategic business objectives to achieve a key Zuoyong types of knowledge, and to focus resources on the most are likely to provide such knowledge of the community.
* To provide for the community interaction of time and space: the parent company to help community members through the establishment of mutual understanding and effective sharing of knowledge will help to support the practice of community social capital (CoPs). Provide resources to ensure face to face at community meetings, and by allowing the technology to create a virtual knowledge base, making the community in the Knowledge Base to store documents and discussions. Most importantly, companies should ensure that individuals have time to participate in communities of practice (CoPs) services - is likely to bring in the future potential of large gains.
* Specify the roles and responsibilities to support the community: According to our study found that most companies, elected or appointed officers to guide the activities of the community and its valuable role - community leader / facilitator, content management, event members and individuals within the community and the community is responsible for promoting communication between, and they also responsible for community education and skills increase.
* Promote community and its success stories: News, e-mail bulletin, company-wide knowledge base and training courses can be used to make people aware of the success of the community and community resources with the availability of interested participants.

Quick self-assessment

Intellectual Capital Management would like to know how they affect your company? How the companies themselves the following questions:

鈥?How to repeated application of intellectual capital elements of the operation of our company's learning actions, and even price strategy? * Customer-facing employees feel that they can use the company's ability to meet the needs of customers go?
* Adopt specific measures to reduce the learning curve for new employees?
鈥?The intellectual capital of our Knowledge Base content is how the wave of timely, accurate and widely used? How do we know?
* Who in the maintenance of our intellectual capital database? Knowledge of content management is the subject of extensive knowledge of the participants it?
* Communities of practice within the company have been very active yet? In what field?
* How to learn about the future members of the community knowledge and involvement?
* How the company officially has a strategic impact on the practice of these communities contribute to the success?

Connect the various parts

Help to foster communities of practice can create, share and use knowledge of the environment, the most important is that it can improve the company's effectiveness, efficiency and innovation. Community help bring people together, to their daily work practice knowledge and their products, tools combine to help solve problems and meet customer needs.

Create communities of practice (CoPs) to converge, companies and virtual place to exchange knowledge, technology plays an important role. Through appropriate development and support, they can serve as an effective knowledge creation and dissemination of corporate capital Road - but also to invest in knowledge management to generate greater returns.

In IBM, we understand that in today's competitive business environment, intellectual capital management complexity. From our customer-related knowledge and content management consulting work, from the IBM knowledge management through collaboration with communities of Research, also from the various communities of practice within IBM (CoPs) to obtain practical experience in learning






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New trees flower disk array

Storage is the IT industry a hot topic, and the disk array (RAID) is to construct high-performance, mass storage of basic technology, but also build the basis of network storage technology. Experts believe that the performance advantages of disk arrays running in parallel due to the disk, and improving equipment operation parallelism can improve disk performance and data security. Although the disk array is a mature technology, but for most users, it is still a new thing. From the present situation, the user of the mass storage and data security needs of more and more intense, select the disk array is inevitable. Current theme focusing disk array product to introduce the new level after the introduction of RAID 6, RAID technology, product development, and describes the optional RAID products.

Recently, RAID 6 standard introduced, many companies immediately launch the product in support of RAID 6. RAID 6 to the disk array technology quiet for years once again become the focus of attention.

For many computer users, the disk array RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks, Redundant Array of Independent Disks) is a mature technology, already successfully applied for 20 years. University of California Berkeley in 1987 two engineers presented the concept of RAID, the first objective is to drive more than the capacity of smaller low-cost high-capacity combined into a "logical drive" or disk array, to achieve increased hard drive capacity and performance goals. 20 years, RAID launched a series of levels, including RAID 0, RAID 1, RAID 2, RAID 3, RAID4, RAID 5, and various combinations such as RAID 0 +1 and so on.

Experts believe that, RAID 6 technology is high-capacity ATA hard drive with the widely adopted and launched it again to RAID by the industry's attention. However, users expect the use of RAID technology continuously improved to ensure data security and stable operation of the disk, that since ancient times.

RAID constantly new standards

What is RAID? More simply, RAID disk array technology is the use of properties and the method of combining data striping to improve data availability and system reliability, and prevent disk failures. It makes use of RAID algorithms to calculate the loss of information data, and then, and then retrieve the data stored in the redundancy backup disk. RAID since its birth, its increasingly wide range of applications, can effectively prevent all types of system failures.

More specifically, RAID will form a common hard disk array, the host writes data, RAID controller to the host to write data into multiple data blocks, and then written to disk arrays in parallel; the host read data time, RAID controller disk array concurrent read the various scattered data on the hard disk, after regrouping them available to the host. As a result of parallel read and write operations, thereby increasing data access speed of storage systems. This average distribution of the data on the disk in various methods to prevent extensive damage to the data, combined with calibration and redundancy, we can guarantee data security.

RAID level often applied mainly RAID 0, RAID 1, RAID 5 and RAID 0 +1 are several. Experts often use a lot of mathematical knowledge to explain the principles of these standards and different.

RAID 0, also called non-redundant disk, it writes the same data as the number of disk striping, these bands are called "blocks." Realization of bands that can simultaneously access data on multiple disks, balance I / O load, increased data storage space and speed of data access speed. RAID 0 is the only one there is no redundancy of RAID technology. The performance advantages of RAID 0 is excellent, disk space utilization, low cost; less is not fault-tolerant, heat volume is huge.

RAID 1 also known as disk mirroring. The system writes data simultaneously to two hard disk duplication, but the performance of the operating system as a logical drive. So if a hard drive failure occurred, the other hard drive to retain a complete data, the system can still work as usual. System can simultaneously read data from the two hard drives, it will increase the hard drive read speed. RAID 1 has the advantage of safe, simple technology, easy management, reading and writing good performance; less than one block can not extend the hard disk capacity, data, large waste of space.

RAID 5 is a RAID 3 and RAID 4 on the basis of developments, which inherit their data redundancy and striping characteristics, and uniform data parity information stored in the array of all the hard disk. Array system can also read and write all of the hard disk, reducing the hard disk mechanical system caused by a time delay system to improve disk I / O capabilities. In addition, when the array of a drive failure, the system can be saved in other hard disk using parity information on the hard drive data recovery failure to continue to work. RAID 5 with data security, write speed, the advantages of higher utilization of space, is widely used; but the downside is that if one drive fails, the entire system performance will be greatly reduced.

Expert advice, RAID level choices are three main factors: availability (data redundancy), performance and cost. If you do not require the availability, select the RAID 0 to get the best performance. If the availability and performance is important but not a major cost factor, the number of options under the hard disk RAID 1. If the availability, cost and performance are equally important, is the usual amount of data transfer and disk options RAID3, RAID5.

RAID continues to introduce new standards, some standards are a wide range of applications, such as RAID 0, RAID 1, RAID 5, but followed some standard be eliminated, such as RAID4 so. However, users of disk array performance requirements are growing, RAID6 standard attendant.

RAID 6 stand out

RAID 6 is RAID in the new family member, is based on the RAID 5 expansion comes. Therefore, as with RAID 5, data and checksum are divided into data blocks, and then were stored in disk arrays each hard disk. However, RAID 6 by adding a separate check disk, it is the distribution at all disk check codes are back together, so that RAID 6 disk array to allow multiple simultaneous disk failures, which demands for high data security applications are very appropriate. In accordance with this idea, build a RAID 6 disk array requires a minimum of four drives. Experts believe that, RAID 6 and RAID 5 write performance does not improve the situation of poor, write caching can be applied only to some extent for the shortcomings of the cover, but does not fundamentally solve the problem. Because RAID 5 and RAID 6 can change depending on the application program to the data block size, so it will be the actual performance factors.

Since RAID 6 is the latest RAID redundancy, so its performance should be very good. Benefits include: random read performance is good (when using large data blocks), sustained read performance is good (when using small data blocks), can be summed up as fast read performance, greater fault tolerance.

Deficiencies included the random write performance of RAID 6: bad, because not only have to check each piece of data written to the hard disk, but also to check the hard disk in a special write data; sustained write performance generally. Can be summed up in slower write speed, RAID controller design more complex and costly.

Therefore, some experts believe that, in practical application the application of RAID 6 may not be as extensive as the other RAID standard. If you need to design to achieve this functionality generally more complex and more expensive cost RAID controller, it generally will not be integrated on the motherboard. Overall RAID 6 can tolerate two simultaneous drive failures can still recover the data, while the actual capacity of its total capacity by two hard drives. (Specifically refer to "RAID 6 can protect more of the objects")

Three Methods of RAID

The way in achieving, RAID can be divided into three categories: software implementation (software RAID), implemented in hardware RAID (hardware RAID), and the external RAID (External RAID).

In the server, the software RAID in many cases have been included in the operating system such as Windows, Netware and Linux, and become a feature of the operating system. Software RAID in charge of all operations by the processor, so the CPU resources, take up very high, which reduces the performance of the system. Software RAID does not require the addition of any hardware device because it is the user's server system by the central processing unit to provide the necessary computing resources.

In the server, hardware RAID is usually achieved by a RAID PCI card processing. RAID cards typically include processors and memory, RAID can provide the resources needed, and hardware RAID system will not take up server resources, thereby greatly enhancing system performance. Hardware RAID can connect internal hard drives, hot-swap backplane or external storage devices. No matter what kind of hard to connect, control all the RAID card, RAID is controlled by the RAID card. Typically, the hardware RAID PCI cards need to install the driver, the general operating system does not include RAID card driver. Disk array can be created before or after installation of the system, the system will be regarded as a virtual hard disk, it also has the fault tolerance and redundancy features. Disk array support for capacity expansion, just add a new hard drive and perform some simple instructions, the system can use this newly added real-time disk capacity.

External RAID is hardware RAID is a kind of difference is that RAID card will not be installed in the system, but installed in an external storage device. And this external storage devices will be connected to the system SCSI card. System does not have any RAID functionality, because it is only a SCSI card; all RAID functions will be transferred to external storage devices. Benefits of external storage is often more hard drive can be connected, not the size of the system chassis. And some advanced techniques, such as fault tolerance, it is necessary more than one server connected to an external storage external device, to provide fault tolerance.

External RAID storage system is an independent, its own CPU, cache and operating system, you can install any operating system, and therefore nothing to do with the server operating system. Because the server system where there is only one SCSI card, not a RAID card. For server systems, and SCSI card, the external type of RAID is just a large hard drive, not a particular device. The current market can be both external RAID SAN (Storage Area Network) or NAS (network attached storage), FC or iSCSI connectivity through the network, a network of storage systems can also be DAS (Direct Attached Storage).

Four interfaces RAID

RAID Card RAID Interface is supported hard disk interface, the key there are four: IDE interfaces, SCSI interfaces, SATA interface, and FC interfaces.

1. IDE Interface

IDE (Integrated Drive Electronics, Integrated Drive Electronics), it's hard drive to hard disk controller integrated with the plate body, reducing the number of hard disk interface cable length, the reliability of data transmission has been enhanced, hard drive manufacturing is more easily , hard drive manufacturers are no longer worried about whether their hard drive controller compatible with other manufacturers; to the user, the hard disk to install them is also more convenient. IDE interface technology has been evolving since its inception, the performance is also rising, its own low-cost, compatibility and features for creating other types of hard disk status can not substitute.

IDE hard drive represents a type, but in practical applications, people also used to refer to the earliest use IDE IDE type hard drive ATA-1, this type of interface, along with the development of interface technology has been eliminated, and its More after the type of hard disk interface, such as ATA, Ultra ATA, DMA, Ultra DMA IDE hard drives, etc. are all interfaces. As the IDE port is parallel port, so in order to distinguish and SATA I hard drives, IDE port hard disk drives, also called PATA port.

2. SCSI Interface

SCSI (Small Computer System Interface) - is completely different with the IDE interface. IDE interface is a standard interface for common PC, but SCSI is not designed specifically for hard disk interface, is a widely used small machines on the high-speed data transmission technology. SCSI interface has wide application, multi-task, wide bandwidth, CPU occupancy rate is low, and support hot swap, etc, but the higher prices make it difficult to 濡?as popular IDE hard drives, SCSI hard drive, therefore mainly used in high end servers and high-end workstations. SCSI hard drives and ordinary IDE hard drive interface, compared to many advantages such as speed and performance of the hard disk itself is relatively high, hard drive speed fast, large capacity cache, CPU occupancy rate, scalability is much better than IDE hard drives, and supports hot swap .

3. SATA Interface

Use the SATA (Serial ATA) hard drive also known as serial port hard drive is the future trend of the mainstream PC with a hard drive. By the Intel, APT, Dell, IBM, Seagate, Maxtor composed of several major vendors Serial ATA standards established by the Commission from the Serial ATA 1.0 specification has been developed to a Serial ATA 2.0 specification. Serial ATA Serial connection, Serial ATA bus with embedded clock signal, with a stronger error correction capability than in the past the biggest difference is able to transmit commands (not just data) to check if found errors automatically corrected, which greatly improved the reliability of data transmission. Serial interface also has a simple structure to support the hot swap benefits.

Serial hard disk is a completely different parallel ATA hard disk interface, a new type of serial transmission of data due to known. Is compared to parallel ATA, Serial ATA continuous serial transmission of data, one can only transmit a data. This can reduce the number of SATA interface pins, so that fewer number of connecting cables, efficiency will be higher. Indeed, Serial ATA 4-pin can only do all the work, were used to connect cable, connect ground wire, send data and receive data, while the structure of such systems can reduce energy consumption and reduce system complexity.

Serial ATA from a higher potential for development more, Serial ATA 1.0 data transfer rate up to the definition of 150MB / s, than the latest parallel ATA (or ATA/133) can achieve 133MB / s maximum data transfer rate also high, and in the Serial ATA 2.0 data transfer rate of 300MB / s, SATA will eventually achieve 600MB / s maximum data transfer rate.

4. Fibre Channel

Fibre Channel (FC) and SCIS interfaces, like the initial design and development is not for the hard disk interface technology, is designed specifically for network systems, but as the demand for storage systems of speed, gradually applied to the hard disk system. Fibre Channel hard disk drives for more storage systems to improve the speed and flexibility was developed, which greatly improved the appearance of multi-drive system, the communication speed. The main characteristics of Fibre Channel are: hot swap of high-speed bandwidth, remote connection, connection and large number of devices. Fibre Channel is like a server system environment such as multi-drive designed to meet the high-end workstations, servers, mass storage sub-network between peripherals through hubs, switches, and two-way point to point connection, serial data communications system for high data rate requirements.

From a holistic point of view, hard disk interface is divided into IDE, SATA, SCSI and Fibre Channel 4 kinds, IDE interface hard disk are used for household products, are also part of the application server; SCSI interface drives are mainly used in server market; and fiber channel only in the high-end servers, expensive; SATA hard drive is kind of new type of interface, it is in the market penetration stage, in the home market has a broad prospect. IDE and SCSI in the large category, but also the separation of a variety of specific interface types, they each have different specifications, with different speeds, such as ATA100 and SATA; Ultra160 SCSI and Ultra320 SCSI represent a specific hard disk interface, the speed difference between the respective bigger.

Application from the server, storage to PC

RAID technology has two characteristics: first, speed second is security. The user seems to form a disk group is like a hard drive, users can partition it, format and so on. The operation of the disk array with a single hard drive exactly the same. The difference is that the storage disk array is much higher speed than a single hard disk, and can provide automatic data backup. Data backup function is damaged in the event of user data, the use of corrupted data backup information can be restored, thereby safeguarding the security of user data. Since these two advantages, RAID technology has been applied to the server early in the SCSI interface hard disk system. With the development of computer technology in recent years, PC's CPU speed machine has entered the era of GHz. IDE interface hard disk to be outdone, have launched a ATA66 and ATA100 hard drive. This makes RAID technology is used in middle and low personal PC, server or even possible.

RAID technology since its inception, the field of high-end server applications on a broad, critical data for the escort industry, although in recent years has begun marketing to the personal PC, but it is still mainly used in high-end computing applications.

In recent years the growing popularity of high-performance computing applications, as global economic integration and a highly developed information technology, trades, especially large-scale scientific applications and Internet applications, data show exponential growth, vast amounts of critical data security become a core part of high-end server applications, RAID technology in the server space becomes more and more important. Thus, the current server technology, have invested in RAID a lot of energy. Server manufacturers in the design of server time, that will basically RAID technology as a product of the standard parameters.

With the development of network storage, RAID has been widely used in various storage systems. Introduced a variety of enterprise storage systems is varied. However, we can summary of the characteristics of their development. First, rising speed, FC and iSCSI in the performance of the competition, so that the performance of storage systems continue to rise; Second, costs are reduced, unit storage costs continue to decrease; security and manageability, improved. These are the development of network storage has laid a solid foundation.

Little information: RAID advantages

鈼?expanded storage capacity could be composed of multiple hard disk capacity of a huge storage space.

鈼?reduce the unit cost of capacity on the market's highest capacity hard drive capacity per trillion price, much higher than the universal type drive, so a more universal type disk array consisting of, the unit price is much lower.

鈼?improve the speed of a single hard disk storage to improve the speed of each period are subject to technical conditions, is due to further often difficult. The use of RAID, you can also share data on multiple hard disk read or write, so the overall speed increase exponentially.

鈼?reliability of RAID systems can use two hard drives, mirrored memory synchronization is complete, such security measures for the network server is the most important as this.

鈼?fault-tolerant RAID controller is a key function of fault tolerance. Fault-tolerant single-block disk array, if an error does not affect the continued use of the whole array, advanced RAID controller also has a save function.

鈼?support for IDE RAID There are still a feature that is supported ATA/66/100. RAID is also divided into two types of SCSI RAID and IDE RAID, IDE RAID of course much cheaper. If the host motherboard does not support ATA/66/100 hard drive, then through the RAID card, you can use a new hard disk ATA/66/100 function.






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CIMS help dragon fly

Xiamen King Long United Automotive Industry Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as dragon company) is Dongfeng Motor Corporation, Xiamen Automobile joint stock Co., Ltd., Beijing Huaneng Comprehensive Utilization Development Corporation and Hong Kong, France and Asia Matheson set up four joint ventures for "Dongfeng Group" members, put into production in 1989. Golden Dragon Bus is China's first Sino-foreign joint enterprises and the industry's first high-end manufacturer of luxury tourist bus, mainly engaged in King long and medium-sized luxury bus line, high-speed coaches series, fast coach series and special vehicles series product development, production and sales. Dragon Products sold throughout 30 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions and exported to North America, the Middle East, Africa and Southeast Asia, by the majority of customers welcome and praise.

Dragon company more than ten years in the market economy tempered with the product market and technology development are two core competencies, starting from the mid-to high-speed development period, production volumes and sales revenue to an average annual rate of more than 60% increase in 1998 sales revenue of 505 million yuan, total profit of 40.9 million yuan; products continue to sell well in 1999, has introduced cost-effective new products by the market welcomed the annual sales income of 1.06 billion yuan, more than doubled in 1998 a Fan, passenger car industry in the country ranked second in sales 100%, total profit 54.19 million yuan; 2000 market maintained rapid growth momentum, close by the end of September sales of 1.012 billion yuan has been completed, the per capita output value and profit in the same industry leading standards. At present, the dragon is the national industry, the company management has included a "national bus industry backbone enterprises of major support," one not included in Shaoxing, Suzhou Branch and Division under the relevant indicators in the country, "Machine 500 enterprise "ranked No. 186.

Select CIMS practical value

Management software applications in particular, to consider the situation of China. Overseas, many good management software, but after getting to the majority of Chinese are not very applicable, and some are barely used also with the bad. The reason, mainly China and status of the enterprise management level is difficult with the standard management of foreign software integration. Enterprises spend a great price, take a very long time, the implementation of the result is discarded parting, leaving the difficult to use. Ricci Information Technology Co., Ltd. Beijing Chiang always introduce CAPMS 8-ERP software remark touched us, he said: "CAPMS software similar software in the absorption of the essence, while abroad, taking into account the actual situation of domestic enterprises for processing a large number of conditions. It is precisely because the absorption of domestic management software similar foreign software also made the best of conditions of the deal, only to make good use of domestic enterprises with the possibility of ERP software, which is characteristic of domestic software where. "
Price of course, one of the factors: business to do anything to be considered input and output, taking risks, moving the hundreds of thousands of foreign software on millions of dollars to the domestic enterprises, it is not a small burden, but also increase the software implementation of the risk, as well as software issues in future upgrade costs, companies need to seriously consider. There is a caveat: since the mid-nineties, domestic software (such as the two dimensions CAD, PDM, ERP, etc.) has been greatly improved, has been able to meet the practical needs of domestic enterprises, since the software can meet the needs of domestic, cheaper prices than foreign software, why not use Chinese software?

To give full consideration to after-sales service: software, especially as ERP, PDM implementation of such a large software will have a longer cycle, enterprise application consulting, software, training principles, software application training, software customization changes are essential, foreign software technical support for the high cost of domestic enterprises unbearable, difficult time Chengshou; while foreign software companies closed Xing's software to enable domestic workers Hennan 杩涜 changes in other foreign software to pair the Buchong and Zuojiao Da this is feasible is also debatable; the above reasons, after-sales technical support on the timeliness and effectiveness is difficult to guarantee. The domestic software is different, though China-made software should receive technical support costs, the price of domestic enterprises can afford, and made the source code for software is relatively open, large customers of changes delegated to the software company, a general adaptation can resolved by the companies themselves.

CIMS Engineering quadruped Dingli

Dragon's CIMS application project mainly by the engineering design (CAD) subsystem, product data management (PDM) sub-systems, enterprise resource planning (ERP) sub-systems and computer network / database of the four sub-systems components. In the work we mainly used by domestic software to implement CIMS, dragon's CIMS project, the cost of domestic software accounting software for more than 70% of the total cost.
Engineering design and product data management subsystem subsystems selected software is Tongfang Software Corporation independently developed two-dimensional CAD system (MDS2000), product data management system (PDM), enterprise resource planning software subsystems selected Information Technology Co., Ltd. Beijing Lima independent research and development CAPMS 8-ERP software, these applications have more processing conditions, more in line with the actual situation of Chinese enterprises, technically more mature, is pushing the theme of national 863/CIMS major goal of product, there is a wide range of users in the country, and the software company has strong technical strength and rich implementation experience, strong technical support efforts. Golden Dragon successful applications for these enterprises in all sectors to achieve the product sales, technology development, production planning, financial management, materials management, service management, computerization of various departments of business management to improve enterprise information sharing degree, CIMS has become dragon company's technology development, production management indispensable tool, greatly enhancing the efficiency of enterprise staff and management level.

Engineering Design (CAD) subsystem
The end of 1997 the company introduced dragon GHMDS2.0 (Gao Hua mechanical design drawings of the original system), complete in six months, "get rid drawing board"; two-dimensional CAD drawing design has been completely universal, the company headquarters and all branch offices, passenger car division product development and design have already achieved 100% CAD drawing. To the first half of 2000, all GHMDS2.0 software has all the upgrades to the MDS2000, a total of 34 sets of two-dimensional CAD software MDS2000 used in the technical development personnel. MDS2000 applications, greatly improving the company's passenger car product design dragon level, to improve the designer productivity.

The end of 1998, Golden Dragon's company introduced three-dimensional design software EDS UG, after initial training, advanced training and applications for some time now to use the software to develop two luxury buses of new products, launched a new product from bus design, design to structural design, component design and the general assembly and other work to make passenger cars more intuitive modeling, design and development process much faster, and improve design quality.

March 1999, the company introduced dragon ANSYS Inc. ANSYS finite element analysis software, and recruitment of the professional and technical personnel, through training and application, has been the use of the software products and development of existing passenger cars structural strength of new products Analysis and Optimization analysis and optimization of product design, shorten the product development cycle.

Product data management (PDM) subsystem
Dragon Company in July 1998 with the first use of Tsinghua-party software product data management (PDM) system and Document Management System EDMS, product design and document management. Designers use two-dimensional CAD design drawings and technical documents related to the direct input in the management of EDMS, the beginning of 1999, partially completed in the EDMS model of drawings, technical documentation, product storage and a large amount of detailed statement of the old order scanned drawings, vector work, and basically established the model of the computer gallery; in July 1999 and began full implementation of product data management (PDM) system implementation for my company's specific situation, put forward in our company's PDM running model, and solve the user collected the issues raised on the PDM software has been customized, secondary development and customization work, and for PDM system test run.

PDM system has been modified and customized test runs, in July 2000 the company officially put into use in the dragon, the current PDM system has been in the company's product design department, production management, quality management department, purchasing department, sales and service departments, normal operation of the manufacturing department to achieve a product design, paperless workflow management; dragon company PDM system implementation, to effectively address the design process, the standardization of technical information, technical information transfer, circulation, feedback fast and fluid, currently has a large number of drawings and technical information to effectively manage them, so that different departments of different officers in accordance with the authority, quickly and easily query and obtain the required drawing and technical data, and ensure data integrity, security and confidentiality . At the same time, PDM systems are also CIMS information integration platform for the project, the CAD and ERP systems to achieve integration of information.

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) subsystems
Dragon Company under the management of production operations and the actual situation, from April 1998 onwards, it gradually began CAPMS 8-ERP software implementation, to October 2000, has implemented a system management subsystem in batches, manufacturing data management subsystem, inventory management subsystem, sales management subsystem, material supply subsystem; general ledger management subsystem, fixed assets management subsystem, cost management subsystem; service management subsystem; master production scheduling subsystem, materials demand planning subsystem, JIT management subsystem; human resources management subsystem, tool management subsystem; PDM interface management subsystem and a series of subsystems; also commissioned the School of Management, Huazhong University of Science development and implementation of Internet-based order management subsystem as a sales management subsystem upstream subsystem, to provide data.

The implementation of these subsystems, covering the company's product sales, production planning, financial management, personnel management, materials management, after-sales service in all aspects of management, after a large number of customers of changes to the functions of subsystems, without changing its basic logic thinking more in line with the principle of actual companies and meet the dragon's actual management needs.

System integration
August 2000, the completion of each subsystems in the basic application, the system integration of the entire project installation and commissioning work, at present, the entire system has been run can be integrated to achieve the original design goals.

The implementation of CIMS integration work includes two aspects, one aspect is the integration of CAD and PDM, PDM integrated management plan document data generated by CAD and PDM generated by the project data and design BOM data. Another is the design and manufacturing BOM BOM information integration, formed by the same party PDM BOM project data and design data directly to Lima Company CAPMS 8-ERP system interface management subsystem, the data from the Ministry of Information Members of the relevant properties to maintain add the necessary project and maintenance, generate manufacturing BOM, then transmitted to manufacturing data management subsystem, provided to the ERP of the subsystems.

CIMS economic return to see two dragon

Dragon's application of domestic software implementation of the CIMS project not only improved the management level, the benefits of good economic benefits, such economic benefits include both direct and indirect.

Direct economic benefits (1) to respond to market significantly faster. Our production model is based on manufacturing and design orders, orders for goods when the customer wants a very urgent one hand, on the other hand there are many customer orders individualities request, need to modify the design, and quickly customized to meet customer requirements , is the key to keeping order. After the implementation of CAD and PDM systems to realize the drawings, document management, design process management, computerized, did not respond to the market faster than before the implementation of the system increased by 50%, of the rapid occupation of the market played a very important role. (2) accelerating new product development, quality improved significantly. Keep a good value for money at the right time to introduce new products, the company quickly capture the market's secret weapon. Three-dimensional design software and finite element analysis software application, in order to add a significant new product development means and tools greatly enhance the quality of new product development and level of production by hand than in the past new product model, developed more than 40% faster , early occupation of the market for new products grab the opportunities. (3) in accordance with the application of management thought and logic, on the Shengchan redesigned program achieved closed-loop control of the production process not only reduced the backlog in the products, while, the manufacturing department management personnel to keep abreast of plans and technical information changes in the revision, the completion of production tasks to track feedback, to improve productivity through the implementation of 24%. (4) to accelerate cash flow. The company 268 million yuan of liquidity, turnover of 153 days, due to increased fund management, shorten product development cycle and product delivery cycles, accelerated cash flow, capital turnover decreased by 10 days, improve cash flow rate of 0.17 times, the company each year cost-saving 1.3 million yuan. (5) a significant increase overall economic efficiency. As of the end of September 2000, had total sales income of 703 million yuan (Xiamen Local), 66% more than last year, a total profit of 34.38 million yuan (Xiamen Local), 34% more than last year.

Indirect economic benefits (1) XMJL-CIMS implementation of standardized business management and operation of the foundation, the company has established a scientific management system and rapid response of the enterprise operational mechanism, promote the standardization of enterprise management process, institutionalized, responsibilities of various departments to make more clear, scientific and reasonable. (2) greatly improve efficiency, increase the depth of management to improve the management level. (3) improve the enterprise's reputation and enhance the market competitiveness and adaptability. Due to the cost-effective, to meet customer needs, attract a large number of new and existing customers, continued in 2000 order, product demand, orders have been lined up in February 2001. (4) laid the foundation for the future development of the enterprise: to establish a high-speed, clear the computer communication network, and CIMS data sharing between the various sub-systems to achieve integration of information within the company, the initial realization of the online supply chain management and after-sales service management. The company has trained a number of CIMS can be more proficient in the design and management unit technology to carry out the work of high quality staff and software application maintenance team, which will benefit the company long term, improve the company's competitiveness. Information to determine the direction of development of the company, the company developed into Xiamen for the management, technical, sales center, around the production department, based on adoption of Internet and Intranet, to realize the business of marketing, technology, capital, etc. management, and domestic and international customers and suppliers with extensive contacts and cooperation, to develop a rapid response to market changes, agile manufacturing enterprises laid a solid foundation.

Golden Dragon CMIS social benefits have Miyoshi

Xiamen Golden Dragon is the first company in Xiamen City, the first and currently the only implementation of the CIMS project company, Dragon Company CIMS design ideas and system architecture in Xiamen City, discrete products manufacturing business has a representative and exemplary, Dragon Company CIMS project implementation for the Xiamen City, Fujian Province, the implementation of CIMS manufacturers provide valuable experience and can draw on the model, with a wide range of model significance and application value.

Efficiency and promote the implementation of CIMS project need dragon company can shorten the product development cycle, enterprise, improve product quality, reduce product costs and increase efficiency, make the products more competitive market, higher quality products to meet the growing needs of the market to meet the needs of customers, to accelerate the development of China's automobile industry contribute to our strength.

Domestic companies believe dragon mainly the domestic software CIMS, CIMS implementation of the domestic software development and provides a perfect opportunity and the stage, so that domestic software enterprises in China to have good performance, and establish a domestic business confidence in the use of domestic software to promote the continuous development of domestic software and improve.






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Shanghai Qi Cheng is willing to do full-time male white-collar workers, Mr.

鍦ㄢ?鍏ㄨ亴澶お鈥濇閫愭琚ぞ浼氭墍鎺ュ彈鐨勫悓鏃讹紝鎸戞垬涓栦織鐪煎厜鐨勨?鍏ㄨ亴鍏堢敓鈥濆嚭鐜颁簡銆?"Men and women stay home," the traditional family model, by these men to return home voluntarily subvert the ... ...

One in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen 4 carried out a survey
Male white-collar workers, respectively, 22%%, 73%%, 34%%, 32%% of people willing to conditions permit, when the "full-time President."

鍦ㄨ皟鏌ヤ腑鍙戠幇锛屾壆婕斺?濂充富澶栤?杩欎竴瑙掕壊鐨勫コ鎬э紝浠庝簨IT銆佷繚闄┿?椁愰ギ鏈嶅姟绛変竴浜涚粡钀ユ?銆侀珮鏀跺叆鐨勮涓氳緝澶氥?杩欎簺瀹跺涵涓紝涓堝か鐨勬敹鍏ヨ繙杩滀綆浜庡瀛愶紝浜庢槸涓堝か骞茶剢杈炶亴锛屽洖瀹跺共璧蜂簡鈥滅浉濡绘暀瀛愨?鐨勬椿銆?br />
According to sociologist analysis, "Mr. full-time" phenomenon is largely has the following 3 reasons:

The first is a strong devotion to his wife, higher income, better job prospects for development, no time to take care of the family, the lower the husband's income from work or the workplace will not ring true.

The second is his wife a long time, women may feel tired of the family, eager to return to work, then urged her husband, "rotation", the husband shall not be subject to "organize distribution."

绗笁绉嶆槸涓堝か鐨勫伐浣滆緝涓鸿嚜鐢辩嫭绔嬶紝鍦ㄥ灏卞彲鈥滃伐浣滃鍔′袱涓嶈鈥濓紝涔愬緱鏈夎緝澶氱殑鏃堕棿鐓ч【瀹朵汉銆?br />
Experts believe that, in contemporary, progressive women in the economy plays an important role in the development of more extensive space, while they become less time at home. Many men's understanding of life becomes more diverse, not just the pursuit of career success. According to the actual situation of some couples begin to consider the family a more economical and rational division of labor, on the family business.






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